I don't know the answers to these questions. I've been assuming the hole at the top is a wormhole based on shape and darkness, but the resolution isn't high enough to know for sure.
The bottom one, at the end of the word, I can't tell. It might be a wormhole (or other kind of hole in the parchment), it might be ink.
René, you've had some communications with Yale. Do you know how difficult it would be to get answers to these questions? Do you by any chance know the answers so we don't have to bother them with repeat questions?
Thanks