Voynich Manuscript as an (imperfect) phonetic transcription of spoken Friulian

[tavie]

• The word "otol", appearing directly before a tower marker in the Stolfi transcription, is the most convincing single word match this investigation has produced. Breaking it as "o" (prepositional/article prefix) + "tol" (→ Friulian tôr, tower, with diminutive lateral suffix -ol), we arrive at o tôrol — "at/of the little tower" or "turret." The diminutive suffix -ol/-ul is genuinely productive in Friulian: cjastelul (little castle), furnul (little oven) follow exactly this pattern. A map label meaning "turret" or "small tower" placed directly adjacent to a drawn tower is, if the reading is correct, a nearly perfect crib.
  
• The word "oal" in the same ring is potentially significant as an encoding of Friulian val (valley) — one of the most common geographic terms in northern Italian place names (Val Camonica, Valpolicella, Val Gardena). The "o/v" correspondence requires an assumption about the sound assigned to that glyph, but it is not arbitrary: in some 15th-century northern Italian handwriting traditions, the letters "o" and "v" shared visual ambiguity.
  
• The word "sarald" resists simple grammatical analysis and may be a proper name — exactly the kind of place-name label a map would carry. The sequence "-ald" appears in Germanic-influenced northern Italian place names (Reinald, Gerwald, Serravalle compressed), and Friuli's long history under Germanic rule (Lombard, then Frankish, then Patriarchate of Aquileia) left Germanic elements throughout its toponymy.

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(This is a reason why LLMs cannot be trusted to assess or assist with Voynich theories).