iiiii

I'd like some help from other members to clarify a point for the introduction to a book of essays.

I was unaware until fairly recently that the Friedman group had formed a general opinion that plants in the manuscript's botanical section were formed as composites.

Having discovered the fact independently - and presented an explanation of the way in which the pictures are structured, the system informing the 'pictorial annotations' at the roots and identified about forty folios' worth, I was later informed that the general idea had been stated in d'Imperio's book.

So my question is this. 

Between 1912 and the publication of Mary's book in 1978
and
(separately)
between 1978 and when I began publishing my own work (from 2010)

had anyone ever looked into that issue, or defined any of the plants as composites, or explained any folio in that way?

Otherwise it looks as if d'Imperio's general statement was ignored for the first thirty years, and now that an independent investigation has provided explanation and demonstration - now that is being ignored, while the general statement is increasingly repeated...

Is that the case, or is there a precedent body of research that I've overlooked?  Please rack your memories..

Thank you.

John Dee’s Enochian glyph’s to Voynich:

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Sorry for the inconvenience

Statement

• The predictability of glyph placement within label vords is in concordance with that of vords in the main corpus
  

• You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view. MarcoP on the Voynich.Ninja.
  

Quote:Summary: Marco found that almost 70% of all labels matched words in the main corpus. The rest were unique.

• VMS language DNA variations. Davidsch
  

Quote:My research shows visually that the labels, as defined, 
follow the same rules for the letters in the remainder of the text that are not labels, with some exceptions:

• 'a' occurs proportionally more in the "label text"
  
  
• the 'q'  (only posA) occurs much lesser in the "label text"
  
  
• the 'h' occurs much lesser in the "label text"
  
  
• the 't'  on posB is higher in the "label text"
  
  

You can check by You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view. "CAB NST" &  "CAB labels only".

• You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view.. Prof. Stolfi
  

Quote:It should be noted that that normal words [in his attempt to create a grammar] account for over 88% of all label tokens, and over 96.5% of all the tokens (word instances) in the text. The exceptions (less than 4 every 100 text words) can be ascribed to several causes, including physical "noise" and transcription errors. (Different people transcribing the same page often disagree on their reading, with roughly that same frequency.). Indeed, most "abnormal" words are still quite similar to normal words, as discussed in a You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view..
[..]
The words that do not fit into our paradigm [..] These words comprise 1295 tokens (3.7%) in the main text, and 127 tokens (12.4%) in the labels. The vast majority are rare words that occur only once in the whole manuscript.

• TheYou are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view. by Brian Cham and David Jackson describes how Voynich glyphs can be divided into three categories that interact with one another in a pre-defined manner.
  

1. Statement changed from "The morpheme construction of labels is in concordance with that of the main corpus"
   
2. Added Davidsch to further reading
   

Since the Poll thread has closed, I've started the thread to reply to the last comment made by Anton that

Quote:Anton:
After ...seven?.... years, nobody has yet been able to give me a concise professional definition of vellum

Quote:PARCHMENT:
A writing support material that derives its name from Pergamon (Bergama in modern Turkey), an early production centre. The term is often used generically to denote animal skin prepared to receive writing, although it is more correctly applied only to sheep and goat skin..

Quote:VELLUM:  the term vellum reserved for calfskin.

and UTERINE VELLUM:
Uterine vellum, the skin of stillborn or very young calves, is characterized by its small size and particularly fine, white appearance; however, it was rarely used.

I've recently repurposed my genetic algorithm code to use EVA rather than Voyn_101. The GA seems to do better with EVA, and I'd like to report an interesting result using Latin as a base language for You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view. (a folio I picked at random).

The way this works is that the GA reads in the EVA transcription for the given folio(s), line by line and word by word, and as it does so it creates frequency tables of all the ngrams it finds. Right now it uses ngrams up to 3 glyphs long.

It then reads in a very large Latin word list, to use as a validation dictionary.

It then prepares a set of Latin letters, nulls and scribal abbreviations, currently numbering around 60 items in total.

Then it randomly pairs each EVA ngram with one of the Latin letters, nulls or abbreviations, and using that pairing (called a chromosome in the jargon), applies it to all lines and words in the EVA, so as to produce new words in plaintext. Each plaintext word is checked for validity in the Latin dictionary, and scored. If the word is valid, it gets a high score. If the word is long, it gets a higher score. All the word scores are summed. If a consecutive sequence of valid Latin words appear, that causes the overall score of the chromosome to increase according to the length of the sequence. The idea here is to reward chromosomes that produce sequences of valid, long Latin words.

This random process continues over many pairings/chromosome and many generations, using selection between each generation to refine the pairings (I'll spare you the details!).

Here are details for one of the better results (with a score of over 22000):

A) The list of letters, nulls and abbreviations used is as follows:

'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'x', 'y', 'z',
' ', ' ', ' ', (nulls)
'qu',
'ra', 're', 'ca', 'ci', 'co', 'us', 'os', 'is', 'ur', 'um', 'er', 'in', 'im', 'nt', 'nd'
'quo', 'cum', 'con', 'cun', 'cus', 'cre', 'car', 'cer', 'cri', 'cis', 
'ent', 'est', 'rum', 'tis', 'tum', 'tur', 'ter', 'mum',
'ntum', 'quon', 'eius', 'etam'

B) The best chromosome of VM glyph pairing to the Latin ngrams in A), includes the following

 a = r
 8 = t
 c = re
 h = ur
 o = er
 y = tum
 s = u
 k = est
 9 = um
 8a = c
 co = m
 ii = <null>
 4o = in

(The remaining pairs are omitted for brevity.)

I found the 9 = um equivalence that the GA discovered to be striking (Brumbaugh claimed this equivalence in his solution), but I suppose it's sort of obvious. 

B) The best pairing translates the following valid Latin words on f3r:

'ratis', 'carus', 'ratum', 'cum', 'inque', 'cercis', 'erratum', 'interim', 'da', 'carum', 'uterum', 'certis', 'ra', 'ius', 'caro', 'pratis', 'inda', 'is', 'pratum', 'us', 'istis', 'sus', 'sum', 'corda', 'iratum', 'irent', 'inest', 'iterum', 'tergum', 'istum', 'peius', 'creo', 'irem'

(All these words appear in the Latin word list I'm using.)

C) The longest sequence of valid words is 16 (spanning folio lines 2,3,4 and 5):

"ratum cum inque cercis erratum interim ratis da carum uterum ratum certis cercis cercis ra ius"

D) The translation, using this ngram pairing, of the first few lines of f3r:

tsheos qopal chol cthol daimm
estseru inquonrtis ratis carus dciscis

ycheor chor dam qotcham cham 
umterim ratum cum inque cercis 

ochor qocheor chol daiin cthy 
erratum interim ratis da carum 

schey chor chal cham cham cho 
uterum ratum certis cercis cercis ra 

qokol chololy s cham cthol 
ius ratisusum u cercis carus 

ychtaiin chor cthom otal dam
umturestcarum ratum caro prtis cum 

otchol qodaiin chom shom damo 
pratis inda racis iscis cumer

ysheor chor chol oky damo
umsim ratum ratis coum cumer 


I expect the Latin above makes no sense at all, but the "look and feel" of the word lengths and the vocabulary size I find encouraging. 

I'd welcome suggestions of Latin abbreviations, prefixes and suffixes that I could include in (or remove from) the list in A) above (which I gleaned mostly from d'Imperio's summary of Cappelli).

Julian

These are potential labels for the stars in f68r1.